Types of canaries: examples and photos

Author: Peter Berry
Date Of Creation: 12 February 2021
Update Date: 22 December 2024
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50 Birds name in English with pictures
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Canaries are, without a doubt, the most popular pet birds all around the world. Such success is due not only to their beauty and their cheerful singing, but also to the fact that the care of the canaries is relatively simple and economical. While it's true that a good deal of dedication is needed to maintain optimal hygiene, provide adequate preventive medicine and prevent common canary diseases, as well as devote some time so that the canary can fly and exercise at home.

Popularly, we use to call all domestic birds belonging to the species "canary". Serinus canaria domestica. However, there are several races or types of canaries. Keep reading this PeritoAnimal article to learn more about these joyful singing birds.


Canary breeds: how many are there

Currently, are known more than 30 types of canaries, being this the most abundant domestic bird species in the world, together with the parakeets. Although there are many possible classifications, canary breeds are usually divided into three broad groups:

  1. singing canaries: in this group are the most coveted breeds in canariculture, thanks to their incredible ability to learn, play complex melodies and a wide variety of sounds. In the next sections, we'll look at the main breeds of singing canaries.
  2. Canaries by color: this is perhaps the most basic classification of canaries, which is based on the color of their feathers. It is divided into subgroups, according to the predominant pigments of its plumage, lipochromic canaries (dominant and recessive white, yellow and red) and melanic canaries (black, agate, green, bromine, isabel, brown and brownish tones ).
  3. Large Canaries: also called design or shape canaries, they must have certain very specific morphological characteristics to be part of this group. It is divided into 5 large subgroups, wavy-feathered canaries, smooth-feathered canaries, topknot canaries, smooth-feathered canaries and design canaries.

In addition to knowing the canary breeds, it is important to know about some precautions. Canaries can suffer from mites and lice, so before adopting, read all the information we make available in these PeritoAnimal articles.


Singing Canary Breeds

As we have already mentioned, singing canaries are the most famous in canariculture, since one of the most appreciated characteristics of this species is its vocal power. of all singing canary races, it is possible to highlight 5 varieties as the most popular around the world:

Spanish Stamp Canary (stamped spanish)

One authentic canary breed from Spain, which preserves certain characteristics inherited from the wild canaries native to the Canary Islands. It is not an ancient breed, since its creation took place between the 40s and 50s. Its varied, powerful and happy singing, for many fans of canaricultura, is reminiscent of the sound of castanets.

Canary Roller (german roller)

This type of canary native to Germany is considered the oldest singing canary race, having been developed over three centuries ago. It is estimated that he has been employed in the creation of numerous breeds of singing and sized canaries, due to his strong appearance and good health. For many experts, the german roller is the type of canary that best combines elegance, rhythm and power in its singing. Currently, the Harz Roller canary, a variety of German roller, is considered the best canary singer on the planet.


American Canary Canary (american singer)

As the name implies, it is a breed bred in the United States, between the 30s and 40s. The canaries american singer they are highly valued not only for their varied and melodic singing, but also for their excellent health and robust, attractive appearance.

Belgian Malinois Canary or Waterslager

The name "waterslager" is a reference to the ability of these Belgian canaries to imitate the sound of mountain streams. It's a very old type of canary, created in Belgium during the 18th century. To date, the only recognized variety of the Belgian Malinois canary must have completely yellow plumage and black eyes. They are also highly appreciated for their large, robust appearance, as well as an incredible vocalization ability.

Canary Russian Singer (Russian singer)

O Russian singer is the least popular among these 5 singing canary breeds. However, its popularity has started to grow in recent decades, not only for its beauty, but also for showing very similar qualities to the german roller.

Learn all about the canary's diet in this article by PeritoAnimal.

Types of Size Canaries

the large canaries comprise 5 subgroups defined according to the most characteristic morphological features of these varieties. Below, we'll introduce the most popular types of canaries in each of the large canary subgroups.

Types of canary: wavy feathers

As we said, we will show below the canaries belonging to the first of the subgroups of large canaries:

Canary Giboso Italian or italic gibber

This is a young canary breed, of Italian origin, created in the mid-twentieth century from several specimens of wavy feathered southern canaries. They are medium-sized birds with a curved body, a fine plumage that can be of different colors, and serpentine reminiscences on the head and neck.

Canary of Tenerife

This breed of Spanish canaries also created during the 20th century, stands out for its plumagemixed that combines voluminous and wavy feathers with smooth, silky and compact feathers. A wide variety of colors are accepted in its plumage, including red, whether uniform or spotted.

Spanish Giboso Canary

This type of canary first appeared as an unwanted result of selective breeding between the extinct fine Sevillian canaries. Its wavy plumage is elegant, formed by delicate and well-defined waves, which should not appear in abundance.

undulating canary of paris

This type of canary, of French origin, was created from selective crossings between the Lancashire canaries and the wavy canaries of the north. According to many specialists in canariculture, it can be considered the wavy canary par excellence, having emerged in the nineteenth century. Its wavy plumage is elegant and voluminous, being accepted in all color varieties. Its most striking physical feature is the so-called "rooster tail".

Types of canaries: others

  • Northern wavy canary;
  • Southern wavy canary;
  • Fiorino wavy canary;
  • Italian giant wavy canary;
  • Padovano wavy canary;
  • Swiss wavy canary.

Types of canaries: smooth feathers

If in the previous section we explained about the subgroup highlighted by the wavy plumage, now let's talk about the types of smooth plumage canaries, check it out:

Belgian Bossu Canary

Originally, this Belgian variety arose from the natural mutation of the Ghent canary, a breed that is now extinct, in the mid-17th century. They are medium and robust birds, with plumagesilky which may be solid or mottled in color, but do not accept reddish tones.

Canary Munich

It is canary race of German origin created in the twentieth century stands out for having a narrow chest and thin back. The smooth plumage is well attached to the body, and may be uniform or mottled, but the reddish coloration is not acceptable.

Japanese Hoso Canary

this is one of rare types of canaries that were developed outside Europe. For its breeding, southern wavy canaries were used, but today the Japanese Hoso has a smooth, silky plumage that accepts all shades.

Scotch Fancy Canary

Created in Scotland during the 19th century, this canary breed is the result of selective breeding between the Dutch canary, the Glasgow canary and the Belgian Bossu canary. the body is elegant and stylized, with smooth and silky plumage that can be uniform or mottled.It stands out for its half-moon-shaped display with slightly bent legs, a feature inherited from the extinct Glasgow canary.

Tufted canary: breeds

The topknot canaries are characterized by having a type of fringe that gives them a unique appearance, such as:

Crested canary

This breed of English canary created during the 19th century is one of the most popular in the world. For its creation, selective crosses were made between the Lancashire and Norwich canaries. Its characteristic forelock is round, symmetrical and well centered on its head. The plumage is abundant, completely smooth and silky, and the reddish color is not accepted.

Lancashire Canary

This traditional type of UK canary is among the bigger and more robust breeds, reaching 23 cm in length. It has a robust chest, solid back and a horseshoe-shaped forelock. The most recognizable specimens are yellow, but the smooth plumage allows for several different colors, with the exception of orange and red tones.

Canary Gloster

Also of English origin, this is another of the most appreciated and widespread canary breeds today. It is characterized by the small size, solid, plump body and a smooth, tight plumage. While the tufted varieties are much more popular, there are also types of Gloster canaries without them.

German Topet Canary

This breed of canary originally from Germany was created from crosses between the Gloster canary and several colored German canaries. It was officially recognized in the 1960s, being among the younger canary breeds. Its forelock extends to part of the beak and neck, but it never covers the eyes. All color varieties are accepted in the smooth plumage of the German topknot.

Types of canaries: other races

Continuing with the subgroups of large canaries, now let's go with the shape and design, that's why we've grouped subgroups 4 and 5 here, since currently there is only one breed recognized as "designer":

Canary Bernois

It is a Swiss breed created in the 19th century, from crossings between Yorkshire canaries. It is characterized by an elongated body, broad chest, prominent shoulders and a stylized neck. THE plumage is smooth and thick, accepting all chromatic varieties, with the exception of red.

Norwich Canary

is a breed of origin shared between England and Belgium. The first examples were Belgian, but the breed was only defined on British soil. It stands out for its long and smooth plumage, which must be well attached to the body, and may have white, orange, yellowish and Elizabethan colors.

Canary Border

This type of canary originating in Scotland descends directly from wild canaries, having emerged in the 18th century. Its body is ovoid in shape, with striking cheekbones and smooth plumage that is well-adhered to the body.

Fife Fancy Canary

Also of Scottish origin, it was born from a special selection of Border canaries, also known as "miniature border".

Spanish breed canary

Is race of spanish origin, created from crosses between wild canaries and Spanish Timbrados. It is a small bird with a thin body and a hazel-shaped head. Feathers are short, well attached to the body, and may be solid in color or mottled, but reddish tones are not acceptable.

Llarguet Canary

The youngest among all canary breeds recognized today, having been recognized in 1996. It was created in Spain from crosses between Seville, Levantinos and Silvestres canaries. The body is stylized, with a slim back and chest, an oval head, compact and smooth plumage.

Canary Lizard

It is one of the oldest canary breeds, created in 16th century England. It is one of the few drawing canaries that still exist. Its most striking feature is the feathers on its back, which are shaped like hemi-elliptical streaks and have a double coloration.

Learn more about caring for canaries in this PeritoAnimal article.