Types of Dobermans

Author: Peter Berry
Date Of Creation: 15 February 2021
Update Date: 28 June 2024
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Content

The Dobermann is a breed of dog with a powerful size and excellent capabilities. Although it is well known, the truth is that doubts still circulate about the types of Dobermans that exist, as well as myths about their personality.

In this article by PeritoAnimal, we will talk about the key points of this dog breed and explain, according to the International Cynological Federation and the American Kennel Club, international references when it comes to dog breeds, what are, in reality, the types of Dobermans that exists. Good reading!

Basic Dobermann Features

Dobermanns are dogs of German origin, whose name comes from the surname of what is considered their first breeder, Friederich Dobermann, who started the development program for these dogs in the 19th century. He was looking for an animal that offer protection, but with a affectionate personality. The result was the Dobermann, with such excellent qualities that it could also be a police work dog.


Of size medium to large, With a strong, muscular body and elegant lines, the Dobermann proved to be a noble dog, suitable for both companionship and work. Although its appearance may intimidate some people and may even be considered among the potentially dangerous dogs, the truth is that Dobermann is a dog of lovely nature and very attached to the family. If well cared for and stimulated, he will be calm and docile. But are there different types of Dobermanns? If so, how many types of Dobermanns are there? We'll explain everything in the following sections.

Before that, in the following video you can check the main Dobermann features:

Types of Dobermann according to the International Cynological Federation

The International Cynological Federation (FCI) includes the Dobermann in group 2, dedicated to Pinscher and Schnauzer puppies, molossos and mountain puppies and Swiss cattle breeders. In addition to establishing the breed standard, that is, the set of characteristics that purebred Dobermans must meet, the federation speaks not of types, but of varieties. The difference between them is in the color.


Thus, it opens up the possibility for puppies of this breed to be black or brown with red rust and localized fire-colored marks in these areas:

  • Snout.
  • Cheeks.
  • Eyebrows.
  • Throat.
  • Chest
  • Pasterns.
  • Metatarsals.
  • Feet.
  • Inner thighs.
  • Perineal and iliac areas.

The white spots are disqualifying, which means that if the Dobermann has such spots, he not considered purebred.

Types of Dobermanns according to the American Kennel Club

The American Kennel Club (AKC) is the largest and oldest genealogical registration club for purebred dogs in the United States and is considered a world reference. In the analysis of the Dobermanns, the club adopts a standard to classify them, which leads them to consider that they exist two types of Dobermans: the European Dobermann, standardized by the FCI, and the American Dobermann, standardized by the AKC.


There are some differences between the two, as we'll see in the next section. For now, we can highlight that in terms of Colors, the American association admits:

  • Black.
  • Red.
  • Blue.
  • Beige.

also allows rust marks about:

  • Eyes.
  • Snout.
  • Throat.
  • Tip of the sternum.
  • Paws.
  • Feet.
  • Under the tail.

Also accepts a white spot on chest, as long as small.

Characteristics of the European Dobermann

Firstly, starting with its physical appearance, the European Dobermann is considered a bit less stylized and more robust in shapes. However, he is also said to have a greater protective instinct and a stronger temper.

Although there are some clearly observable physical differences once we pay attention, the biggest difference between the Dobermann types is in personality, being the European the most balanced. As these differences are not limited to the aesthetic field, it is important to take them into account when deciding to adopt one type or another.

This differentiation may be due to the requirement or not of work test for the reproduction of specimens. In Europe it is mandatory, but not in the United States. With the work test, it is possible to assess the animal's temperament, how balanced the dog is and also its aptitude for work, as well as competences in the social area.

In the United States, the AKC accepts a simple online registration, with the only requirement that the puppy's parents are previously registered there. So if you're looking for a Dobermann to participate in tests and activities, the European will be ideal, although you also need a more experienced caregiver.

Finally, due to the different breeding programs, it must be taken into account that the most common genetic diseases can vary. For example, the European Dobermann has more eye changes. On the other hand, von Willebrand disease and hypothyroidism are common in both types.

Characteristics of the American Doberman

The American Dobermann was selected with a focus on aesthetics and ease of handling. IT'S more stylized and does not stand out especially for its orientation towards protection, defense or work. In other words, the working dog qualities that have been attributed to the Dobermann since its beginnings in Europe are, as it were, erased from the American Dobermann, who will not be the most suitable for developing, for example, a defense function or participating in dog evidence.

In general, it is common for them to show more timid, even getting to be skittish, which can represent a problem of coexistence if the dog always reacts with fear to new situations and elements. The American Dobermann can be a excellent family dog, because, as a company, it does not need to excel in protective activities or work, and it may even be easier to manage because it does not require as much stimulation as the European type.

If you are thinking about adopting a guard dog, check out our article where we highlight the differences between the Dobermann and the German Shepherd.

In relation to health, Wobbler syndrome and skin and coat problems seem to affect American specimens more. In the next section, we will summarize the most important differences between the types of Dobermanns.

Differences between European Dobermann and American Dobermann

These are the keys to differentiating between European and American Dobermann types:

European Doberman

Some of the most striking features of the European Dobermann are:

  • The European Dobermann is a little less stylized and more robust.
  • It has a greater protective instinct and a stronger temper.
  • The European is selected based on his qualities for the job, less present in the American.
  • For work or sporting activities, European is considered more suitable.
  • The European requires a more experienced caregiver.
  • You are at greater risk of suffering from eye disorders.

American Doberman

Among the characteristics of the American Dobermann, the following stand out:

  • The American Doberman is easier to handle as it doesn't require as much stimulation.
  • It tends to be more shy compared to more emotional balance of the European type.
  • The American is more considered a family dog.
  • Wobbler's syndrome and skin and coat problems affect most American dogs.

Now that you know everything about the two Dobermann types, you might be interested in this other article on the Pinscher types.

If you want to read more articles similar to Types of Dobermans, we recommend that you enter our Comparisons section.