The oldest dog breeds in the world according to scientific studies

Author: Peter Berry
Date Of Creation: 11 February 2021
Update Date: 5 November 2024
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A brief history of dogs - David Ian Howe
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It is estimated that man and dog have lived together for 2000 or 3000 years. However, the relationship between dog and man is much older. Although historical sources do not provide a precise date, they allow us to assume that the domestication process started over 20,000 years ago.

Many of today's popular dog breeds are old dogs, that arise from the 18th and 19th centuries, like the German shepherd and the boxer. Surprisingly, some races have survived thousands of years and evolved with humanity, retaining certain original characteristics in their appearance and personality. Today, PeritoAnimal invites you to know the oldest dog breeds in the world according to scientific studies and learn a little more about its origins.


Old Dog Breeds: Shared Characteristics

The oldest dog breeds in the world share some similarities in your physical constitution and also in your personality. As we can see, these are dogs with strong bodies, well-developed muscles, but compact and resistant, in which fur with reddish, brown or sandy tones predominates.

Regarding personality, they can be intelligent, active and very independent dogs. These breeds show a great ease of learning and prefer to make decisions on their own, that is, they have great autonomy. Furthermore, they usually have very heightened senses and well-marked instinctual behaviors, such as hunting or protecting resources and territory.

As a companion animal they can be excellent. However, careful attention should be paid to training and socialization to prevent the development of conduct problems.


World's oldest dog breed: the basenji

Basenji is considered to oldest dog breed in the world according to a scientific study comparing genomic analyzes of 161 current dog breeds[1]. It is estimated that their origins start on the African continent, where they were used for hunting and tracking prey. His image was already portrayed in some Egyptian tombs that were located near this region.

This breed has gained popularity in recent years due to some peculiarities inherent to its nature, for example, this dog does not emit a characteristic barking sound, but rather a very particular noise that resembles a laugh. Therefore, they are among the breeds of dogs that bark little. What's more, they tend to groom themselves much like cats and are not very water-friendly.


saluki

saluki is considered to second oldest dog breed in the world and its origin is located in the year 685 BC, during the Tang dynasty. This dog shows a unique profile. Its former functions consisted of hunting hares and protecting houses.

Tibetan Mastiff

The Tibetan mastiff is considered the predecessor of all breeds of mastiff dogs and its origin dates back to the years between 384 and 322 BC It is a powerful dog, muscular and with a dense coat, which accentuates its large size. It has been since time immemorial a dog destined to guard flocks and protect Tibetan monasteries.

Siberian Husky

The Siberian husky dogs accompanied the original Chukchi tribe, who inhabited the cold territory where Siberia is today. At first they were used as working and guard dogs, exercising herding functions, pulling sledges and protecting their territory from invaders.

The inherent strength of a Siberian husky is explained by its origins. In the extreme conditions of Russian territory, only the toughest and best adapted dogs could survive. It was precisely thanks to the dedication and skills of these dogs that the original Russian villages were able to survive in an inhospitable territory, whether due to the climate or the wild nature.

Gronlandshund or Greenland Dog

O gronlandshund is one of the oldest dog breeds in the world. It is estimated that it arrived in Greenland with the Eskimos and its closest relative is believed to be the Canadian Eskimo dog. Previously it was used as hunting dog to pull sled.

Alaskan Malamute

The Alaskan Malamute is one of the oldest breeds and best adapted to the cold. Like the Greenland dog, it was used to pull sleds and to hunt. It is a big dog, robust and with a great physical capacity.

Shiba inu

Another of the old dogs is the shiba inu, one of the most popular dog breeds today, due to its adorable appearance. It is of Japanese origin and were found possible representations of it dating back to 500 AD., although nowadays there are controversies about its origin, as sources suggest that it could be a Chinese or Korean race.

Akita inu

Akita inu has gained a lot of popularity over the last century, but its origins go back to secular and traditional Japanese culture. They are very strong and resistant puppies, with great capacity to adapt to the cold and well-marked instinctual behaviors. They were historically employed in wild animal hunting, but also performed the functions of guard and defense of the houses.

sharp pei

The shar pei falls in love thanks to their tender appearance, however, these dogs stand out for their hunting and herding skills. What's more, they are quite independent and have a very marked personality.

Currently, traces of its existence have been discovered in the 3rd century BC., on ceramic objects painted in ancient China. He was a faithful ally of farmers in protecting their land from predators and natural threats.

Chow chow

Many people see the Chow chow like "stuffed dogs". While their fur and blue tongue are truly curious and adorable, these puppies are far from vulnerable as puppets.

Their origins lie in ancient Chinese territory, where they were historically used to protect sacred temples and houses, as well as to help men hunt. Like the Siberian husky, the survival of the chow chow is living proof of its physical resilience and capacity to adapt to climatic and natural diversities.

Eurasier

O eurasier is a dog breed of German origin much older than is believed. It wasn't until 1960 when its popularity began. A dog with a balanced personality, alert and somewhat independent.

Samoyed

Samoyed expanded and conquered admirers all over the world, only from the 18th century onwards, but its origins go back to the original Samoyed tribes, who inhabited Russia and Siberia.

Its appearance and character reveal genetic traits similar to its "compatriot", the Siberian husky, but they stand out and are distinguished by their long, completely white coat. They are strong, resistant puppies, perfectly adapted to cold and weather and very independent. Historically, they were employed in the work of herding, hunting and sledding.

finnish spitz

O finnish spitz is a canine breed endemic to Finland that was used for hunting small animals, mainly rodents. In Finland it is considered an excellent hunting dog and is considered traditional country.

japanese spaniel

Even given this name, it is considered that the Japanese spaniel is a breed endemic to China. It is an independent, intelligent and very alert dog.

Tibetan Spaniel

Of Chinese origin, the tibetan spaniel is a popular dog in monasteries of tibetan monks, which are believed to have been used to turn prayer mills. It is not exactly known about their origin, but rather that they are somewhat reserved and alert dogs.

Pekingese

As you can see, the Pekinese is physically different from the breeds of old dog mentioned above.His personality explains why he managed to survive so many centuries with humanity. These furry little ones own a enormous courage and great adaptability.

Originating in Beijing (China), they descend directly from the woolly dogs of Tibet and inherited from them a very resistant genetics. Today, the first known accounts of its existence date back to the 8th century AD, when the Tang dynasty reigned. The Pekinese was so appreciated as a companion dog that it became the official mascot of the imperial family of China.

Lhasa Apso

The lhasa apso is named after the Lhasa city, which is sacred to the people of Tibet. These little furry ones were already adored by the Tibetan people in the year 800 BC, but at that time they accompanied only the nobility and the monks. Despite its small size, it is a very brave and resistant dog, which is adapted to a wide temperature range.

Shih-tzu

Today, the shih-tzu is one of the most beloved breeds in the world, whether for its charming appearance or its amiable temperament. However, this furry little one is originally from China and its name literally means lion, in honor of its long coat that does not stop growing throughout its life.