Pampa animals: birds, mammals, amphibians and reptiles

Author: Laura McKinney
Date Of Creation: 6 August 2021
Update Date: 1 November 2024
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Located in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, the Pampa is one of the 6 Brazilian biomes and was only recognized as such in 2004, until then it was considered Campos Sulinos linked to the Atlantic Forest. It occupies about 63% of the state's territory and 2.1% of the national territory[1]but it is not exclusively Brazilian because its flora and fauna cross borders and are also part of the territories of Uruguay, Argentina and Paraguay. As much as this is the largest extension of temperate rural ecosystems on the South American continent, the Pampa, unfortunately, is the most threatened, altered and least protected biome in the world.

In order for you to better understand the wealth involved in the Pampas fauna, in this article by PeritoAnimal we have prepared a list of the animals of the Pampa: birds, mammals, amphibians and reptiles that need to be remembered and preserved. Check out the photos and enjoy reading!


Pampa animals

Many herbivores have already inhabited this region but ended up losing their space to human activity and their cultivation of corn, wheat, rice, sugar cane, among others. Even so, the Pampa has its wild fauna adapted to grassland vegetation and endemic species. According to an article published by Glayson Ariel Bencke on Diversity and conservation of the fauna of Campos Sul do Brasil [2], it is estimated that the animal species of the pampas are:

Pampa fauna

  • 100 species of mammals
  • 500 species of birds
  • 50 species of amphibians
  • 97 species of reptiles

Pampa birds

Among the 500 species of birds in the Pampa, we can highlight:

Emma (American rhea)

The rhea Rhea americana is one of the animals of the pampas and the largest, and heaviest, species of bird in Brazil, reaching 1.40 m. Despite its large wings, it is not common to see it flying.


Perdigão (rhynchotus rufescens)

It inhabits different biomes of the country and, therefore, is part of the pampas fauna. The male can weigh 920 grams and the female up to 1 kg.

Rufous Hornero (Furnarius rufus)

The most popular habit of this bird, which appears among the animals of the southern region of Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina, is its nest in the shape of a clay oven on top of trees and poles. He is also known as Forneiro, Uiracuiar or Uiracuite.

I want-I want (Vanellus chilensis)

This bird is one of the pampas animals that is also known in other parts of Brazil. Despite not attracting much attention due to its medium size, the lapwing is usually remembered for its territoriality when defending its nest at any sign of an intruder.


Other birds of the Pampa

Other birds that can be seen in the Pampa are:

  • spur-walker (Anthus correndera)
  • Monk Parakeet(Myiopsitta monachus)
  • Black-tailed Brides (Xolmis dominicanus)
  • Partridge (Nothura maculous)
  • Country woodpecker (country colaptes)
  • Thrush (Mimus Saturninus)

Pampa Mammals

Hopefully, you might come across one of them:

Pampas cat (Leopardus pajeros)

Also known as the pampas haystack cat, this species of small feline inhabits the pampas and their open fields where there is tall grass and few trees. It is rare to see one as the species is among the animals of the pampas at risk of extinction.

Tuco tuco (Ctenomys)

These rodents are an endemic species from the natural grasslands of southern Brazil that feed on wild grasses, leaves and fruits. Despite being harmless, it is not welcome on rural properties in the region, where it can appear due to the destruction of its habitat.

Pampas Deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus celer)

Although these ruminant mammals are known to be found in open environments such as the pampas, it is increasingly difficult to see them among the animals of the pampa as this is an almost threatened species. The race that with great luck can be found fauna of the pampa is the Ozotoceros bezoarticus celer.

Graxaim-do-campo (Lycalopex gymnocercus)

This carnivorous mammal that is also known as whey is one of the animals of the southern region of Brazil, but it also inhabits Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay. It is recognized by its size of up to 1 meter in length and its yellowish-gray coat.

Zorrilho (chinga conepatus)

It looks a lot like a possum, but it's not. In the pampa biome, the zorrilho usually acts at night. It is a small carnivorous mammal that, like the opossum, expels a toxic and foul-smelling substance when they feel threatened.

Armadillo (Dasypus hybridus)

This species of armadillo is one of the animals of the pampas and the smallest species of its genus. It can measure a maximum of 50 cm and has 6 to 7 movable straps along the body.

Other Pampa Mammals

In addition to the Pampa animals in the previous photos, other species found in this biome are:

  • Wetland deer (Blastocerus dichotomus)
  • jaguarundi (Puma Yagouaroundi)
  • Guara wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus)
  • giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla)
  • deer will come (Chrysocyon brachyurus)

Pampa amphibians

Red-bellied Frog (Melanophryniscus atroluteus)

The amphibians of the genus Melanophryniscus they are often found in field environments with temporary flooding. In the case of the red-bellied frog, specifically, the species occurs in Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay and Uruguay.

Other amphibians from the Pampa

Other amphibian species of the Pampas fauna are:

  • striped tree frog (Hypsiboas leptolineatus)
  • Floating frog (Pseudis cardosoi)
  • Red-bellied Cricket Frog (Elachistocleis erythrogaster)
  • Red-bellied green frog (Melanophryniscus cambaraensis)

Reptiles of the Pampa

The rich diversity of the Pampas stands out when it comes to reptiles. Among lizards and snakes, some of the best known species are:

  • coral snake (Micrurus silviae)
  • painted lizard (Cnemidophorus vacariensis)
  • Snake (Ptychophis flavovirgatus)
  • Snake (Ditaxodon taeniatus)

If you want to read more articles similar to Pampa animals: birds, mammals, amphibians and reptiles, we recommend that you enter our Endangered Animals section.