Dog Breeds - Before and After

Author: Laura McKinney
Date Of Creation: 8 August 2021
Update Date: 6 November 2024
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100 Years of Breeding Changed These Popular Dog Breeds
Video: 100 Years of Breeding Changed These Popular Dog Breeds

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To know what the dog breeds were like, we have to go back to 1873, when the Kennel Club, the UK breeders' club, appeared. standardized the morphology of dog breeds for the first time. However, we can also find old works of art showing the puppies of the time.

In this article by PeritoAnimal, we will show you the dog breeds of yesteryear and now, a very impactful and fundamental journey through time to understand why today's breeds suffer so many health problems or how it is possible that dogs are the only species with such varied morphology . find it out 20 breeds of dogs before and after, and surprise yourself!


1. Carlino or Pug

In the image on the left we can see Trump, a Pug by William Hogarth in 1745. At that time the breed was not standardized but it was already known and popular. Of course we didn't see the muzzle so flat like the current one and the legs are much longer. We can even estimate that it's bigger than the current pug.

Currently, pugs suffer from several morphology-related health problems such as soft palate, entropion and patellar dislocation, as well as epilepsy and Legg-Calve Pethers disease, which can lead to muscle loss in the upper thigh and pain that limit the dog movement. It is susceptible to heat stroke and regularly suffocates.

2. Scottish terrier

The Schottish terrier has undoubtedly undergone one of the most drastic changes in morphology. We can see the shape of the head much more elongated and a drastic shortening of the legs. The oldest photograph dates from 1859.


They usually suffer from various types of cancer (bladder, intestinal, stomach, skin and breast) as well as being susceptible to Von Willebrand's disease, which causes abnormal bleeding and bleeding. can also suffer back problems.

3. Cattle from Bern

In the image we can see an 1862 Boiadeiro de Berna painted by Benno Rafael Adam, an important animal painter of the 19th century. In this realistic painting, we observe a cowboy with a much less marked and rounder cranial region.

It usually suffers from diseases such as dysplasia (elbow and hip), histiocytosis, osteochondritis dissecans and is also susceptible to gastric torsion.


4. Old English Shepherd or Bobtail

The attributes of the Bobtail or old English shepherd have changed a lot from 1915 photography to the current standard. We can mainly observe that the by the long, the shape of the ears and the cranial region.

The hair was undoubtedly one of the factors that most influenced his health, as he is susceptible to otitis and suffering from allergies. It can also be affected by hip dysplasia and other diseases related to joints and mobility.

5. Bedlington terrier

The morphology of the bedlington terrier it is without a doubt one of the most impactful. They looked for something similar to a sheep, which ended up in an anomalous skull shape. The photograph shows an 1881 copy (left) that has nothing to do with the current one.

It is susceptible to several diseases, such as heart murmur, epiphora, retinal dysplasia, cataracts and a high incidence of kidney and liver problems.

6. Bloodhound

It is impressive to see the official description of the bloodhound 100 years old. As we can see, wrinkles were greatly enhanced, which are now a distinctive feature of the breed. The ears also look much longer these days.

This breed has a very high rate of disease gastrointestinal and skin, eye and ear problems. They are also susceptible to heat stroke. Finally, we highlight the breed's mortality age, which is approximately between 8 and 12 years.

7. English bull terrier

The English Bull terrier is undoubtedly one of the most popular breeds today, whether you are talking about standard or miniature. The morphology of these puppies has changed radically from the time of photography, in 1915, until now. We can observe a major deformation of the skull as well as a thicker and more muscular body was enhanced.

Bull terriers have a great tendency to suffer skin problems, as well as heart, kidney, deafness and patellar dislocation. They can also develop eye problems.

8. Poodle or Poodle

The Poodle or Poodle was one of the most popular breeds in beauty contests. Morphology changes have selected it to flaunt various sizes, as well as to show an especially sweet and manageable character.

It can suffer from epilepsy, gastric torsion, Addison's disease, cataracts and dysplasia, especially in giant specimens.

9. Doberman pinscher

In the 1915 image we can see a Doberman pinscher that is thicker than the current one and with a shorter snout. The current standard is much more stylized, however we are concerned that the amputation of its extremities is still accepted.

is very prone to suffer back problems, gastric torsion, hip dysplasia or heart problems. You can also suffer from Wobbler syndrome, which is a neurological deficit and disabilities, being more frequent in females than in males.

10. Boxer

The Boxer is one of the most popular and beloved puppies, however it has also undergone a huge transformation. In this photo we can see the Flocky, the first registered Boxer that is known. Even so, perhaps the photograph does not reveal it, but the shape of the jaw has changed a lot, as well as the lower lips, much more drooping.

The Boxer dog is susceptible to all cancers as well as heart problems. It also has a tendency towards gastric torsion and is often dizzy in the face of excessive heat and respiratory problems due to its flattened snout. They also have allergies.

11. Fox terrier wire hair

It is curious to observe this portrait of an 1886 wire-haired Fox terrier. Unlike the current one, it has a fur. much less frizzy, the muzzle less elongated and a totally different body position.

Although the incidence of health problems is not as high as in Boxer, for example, they have frequent problems such as epilepsy, deafness, thyroid problems and digestive disorders, among others.

12. German Shepherd

the german shepherd is one of the most abused races in beauty contests. So much so that currently there are two types of German Shepherd, the beauty and the work, the first being the most damaged, since the second still appears in the 1909 model that we can see in the image.

Currently your main health problem is the hip dysplasia, although you can also suffer from elbow dysplasia, digestive and eye problems. The photo we show is of the winner of a 2016 beauty contest, a dog that probably won't be able to walk in just a few rings due to the great deformation of its spine. Still, the "current standard" requires that German Shepherd dogs have this curvature, which is totally abnormal.

13. Pekingese

Pekingese is one of the dogs most popular in china since, at some point in history, they were considered sacred animals and lived with royalty. As with the previous breeds, we can observe a significant morphological change, being evident the flatter muzzle, the rounder head and the amplitude of their nasal cavities.

Although it may not seem so different at first (as is the case with the German shepherd), the Pekingese suffer from health problems such as respiratory problems (stenotic nostrils or soft palate), various eye problems (trichiasis, cataracts, progressive atrophy retinal or dystichiasis) as well as mobility disorders, mainly due to patellar dislocation or degeneration of the intervertebral discs.

14. English bulldog

the english bulldog had a radical change, perhaps much more than other races we have named in this list. We can see how the structure of his skull deformed from 1790 to the present day. His body was also selected in search of a stocky, muscular profile.

It is probably one of the races that more hereditary problems presents. Usually suffers from hip dysplasia, skin problems, difficulty breathing, predisposition to gastric torsion and eye problems.

15. Cavalier King Charles Spaniel

O Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is one of the most popular dogs in the UK. We can see part of young Carlos I in the photo on the left, posing with his favorite dog. Cavalier king charles spaniel was the exclusive dog of the nobility and maidens used to put him in their laps in winter so as not to get cold. King Charles was one of the first to start selecting specimens to achieve a concrete and desired morphology, based simply on the "beauty of the dog".

William Youatt, a veterinarian specializing in diseases, was one of the first critics: "King Charles' race is currently materially altered for evil. The muzzle is very short, and the front is ugly and prominent, like a bulldog. The eye is twice its original size and has an expression of stupidity which the dog's character exactly matches..’

Doctor William was not mistaken, currently this breed is prone to suffer many diseases, including hereditary disease syringomyelia, tremendously painful. They are also susceptible to mitral valve prolapse, heart failure, retinal dysplasia, or cataracts. In fact, 50% of the dogs of this breed die from heart problems and the last cause of mortality is old age.

16. Saint Bernard

The São Bernardo is one of the most famous cattle breeders, perhaps because of its appearance in Beethoven, a very well-known movie. In the photo on the left we can see a less thick dog, with a smaller head and less marked features.

Genetic selection turned him into a dog prone to dilated cardiomyopathy as well as obesity and dysplasia. It is also susceptible to heat strokes and stomach twisting, so it is not recommended to exercise actively with it.

17. Shar pei

The Shar pei is one of the breeds in most demand today, but as with the English Bull terrier, the exaggeration of your attributes is making the breed prone to many health problems. The well-known wrinkles it has give it an unmistakable appearance, but also discomfort and various diseases.

It is likely to suffer from all kinds of skin problems as well as eyes, also due to its wrinkles. She also usually suffers from a very specific illness, Shar pei fever and usually has food allergies.

18. Schnauzer

Schnauzer is one of the breeds most popular and dear nowadays. We have three types: miniature, standard and giant. We can observe the change it has had since the 1915 photograph. The body has become more compact, the muzzle more elongated and the characteristics of the fur, such as the beard, are much more accentuated.

Is it likely to suffer the schnauzer comedone syndrome, which consists of a type of dermatitis that usually affects the animal's digestion, causing allergies. He also has pulmonary stenosis and vision problems, sometimes related to eyebrow hair.

19. West Highland white terrier

The West Highland white terrier, also known as the "Westy", comes from Scotland and although it was formerly a fox and badger hunting dog, today it is one of the companion dogs most cherished and appreciated.

In the photographs from 1899, we can see two examples that are quite different from the current standard, since don't have such a dense coat as what we know and even its morphological structure is quite distant.

usually suffer carniomandibular osteopathy, abnormal jaw growth, as well as leukodystrophy, Legg-Calve-Pethes disease, toxicosis or patellar dislocation.

20. English setter

At the english setter we can clearly observe the exaggeration of the characteristic attributes of the breed from 1902 until now. The elongation of the muzzle and the length of the neck was enhanced, as well as the presence of fur on the chest, legs, abdomen and tail.

Like all races mentioned above, it is susceptible to various illnesses such as various allergies, elbow dysplasia, hypothyroidism. Their life expectancy is between 11 and 12 years.

Why do all these breeds suffer from so many health problems?

Breed dogs, especially those of pedigree, were crossed for several generations between siblings, parents and children and even grandparents and grandchildren. It is currently neither a usual nor desirable practice, however, even some respected breeders include the crossing between grandparents and grandchildren. The reason is simple: we seek to enhance the breed's attributes in addition to not lose the lineage in future puppies.

We use information from the BBC documentary Pedigree Dogs Exposed.

At consequences of inbreeding are evident, proof of this is society's huge rejection of this practice. In ancient Egypt, specifically in the eighteenth dynasty, it was shown that royals were more likely to perpetuate hereditary diseases, to aggravate already existing hereditary diseases, juvenile mortality and, finally, infertility.

as already mentioned not all breeders carry out these practices., but we must say that they are common in some cases. For this reason, it is highly recommended that you inform yourself properly before taking a dog home, especially if you are thinking of using a breeder.